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Raporti paraprak i OSBE/ODIHR damkos zgjedhjet në Shqipëri, jepet alarmi për polarizim politik, abuzime dhe censurë
PiranjatPërditësimi i fundit 30 Prill 2025, 15:37
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TIRANË- Një dokument alarmant i organizatës që vëzhgon zgjedhjet në botë, i publikuar sot, i vlerëson si të papërshtatshme kushtet ku do të mbahen zgjedhjet në Shqipëri, duke folur për ‘polarizim ekstrem politik’, i ardhur nga një ‘Reformë zgjedhore e njëanshme dhe pa konsultim publik’.
OSBE thekson se shumica e sugjerimeve për përmirësim të procesit zgjedhor bërë nga kjo organizatë mbeten të pazbatuara. OSBE kritikon edhe ndalimin e Tiik Tok nga kryeministri Rama dhe censurën digjitale duke e konsideruar si sulm ndaj lirisë së shprehjes.
Në këtë logjikë vijojnë problemet e përhershme si ‘keqpërdorimi i aseteve publike për qëllime elektorale dhe presioni ndaj punonjësve të administratës’.
Raporti nuk rri pa përmendur edhe ata me të cilët kryeministri mburret, ‘rrjetet e patronazhistëve’ si formë ndikimi politik. Po ashtu shqetësues paraqitet përdorimi i të dhënave personale në mënyrë të paligjshme, të cilat raporti i quan ‘abuzime’.
Pa e përmendur me emër, por duke nënkuptuar qartësisht kryeministrin, raporti flet për ‘fushatë që karakterizohet nga sulme personale dhe mungesë diskutimi për politika publike’.
OSBE-ODHIR prek edhe një plagë të zgjedhjeve, që është mungesa e ndëshkueshmërisë për shkeljet dhe manipulimet zgjedhore. Raporti thekson se KQZ ka identifikuar dhjetëra shkelje, por shumë pak masa ndëshkuese janë marrë.
FACT CHECKING:
Source: 28 April 2025 - OSCE - https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/3/0/590099.pdf
Një dokument alarmant i organizatës që vëzhgon zgjedhjet në botë, i publikuar sot, i vlerëson si të papërshtatshme kushtet ku do të mbahen zgjedhjet në Shqipëri, duke folur për ‘polarizim ekstrem politik’, i ardhur nga një ‘Reformë zgjedhore e njëanshme dhe pa konsultim publik’.
“The political environment is characterized by a high degree of polarization and mistrust between the two main parties.”
(Page 1, Executive Summary)
“In the lead-up to the 11 May parliamentary elections… the political climate is characterised by deep polarization, internal party divisions, on-going high-profile corruption cases, and growing concerns over democratic governance and freedom of expression.”
(Page 3, Background)
“Changes to the legal framework in 2024 and 2025 amended the electoral system and introduced out-of-country voting, but no comprehensive review of the framework has been undertaken.”
(Page 1, Executive Summary)
“The Electoral Code was amended in July 2024 and February 2025, introducing changes to the electoral system and certain campaign finance rules and providing for out-of-country voting… Nevertheless, a comprehensive revision of the electoral legal framework, following an inclusive consultation process, was not undertaken.”
(Page 4, Legal Framework and Electoral System)
“The Law amending the Electoral Code passed with 106 votes in favour and two against, without public consultation.”
(Page 5, Legal Framework and Electoral System)
“The 2025 parliamentary elections take place against the backdrop of changes to the electoral system and the introduction of out-of-country voting for the first time… The political environment is characterized by a high degree of polarization and mistrust between the two main parties.”
(Page 1, Executive Summary)
OSBE thekson se shumica e sugjerimeve për përmirësim të procesit zgjedhor bërë nga kjo organizatë mbeten të pazbatuara.
“Whilst ODIHR recommendations amending the nationwide threshold for independent candidates and removing the possibility for political party leaders to compete in several electoral districts have been addressed, many previous ODIHR recommendations remain unimplemented.”
(Page 1, Executive Summary)
“…many previous ODIHR recommendations remain unimplemented. These include, inter alia, recommendations related to the composition of lower-level election commissions, suffrage rights of persons with intellectual or psychosocial disabilities, removal of criminal liability for defamation, independent media coverage during electoral campaigns, interim reporting on campaign finance and the extension of campaign finance regulations to third parties.”
(Page 4, Legal Framework and Electoral System)
OSBE kritikon edhe ndalimin e Tiik Tok nga kryeministri Rama dhe censurën digjitale duke e konsideruar si sulm ndaj lirisë së shprehjes.
“On 6 March the Council of Ministers temporarily banned access to TikTok. Three civil society organizations challenged this decision to the Constitutional Court on 25 March for its potential infringement on freedom of expression.”
(Page 3, Background)
“The legal framework protects freedom of expression, though defamation remains criminalised, and civil and criminal defamation cases against journalists persist.”
(Page 2, Executive Summary)
Në këtë logjikë vijojnë problemet e përhershme si ‘keqpërdorimi i aseteve publike për qëllime elektorale dhe presioni ndaj punonjësve të administratës’.
“The misuse of state resources and campaigning within public institutions is prohibited, but concerns persist about pressure on civil servants, undue influence on voters and the misuse of public assets.”
(Page 2, Executive Summary)
“Most ODIHR EOM interlocutors raised concerns regarding the misuse of state resources (including for the out of country vote), pressure on public sector employees, and the impact of so-called ‘patronage networks’ on voting.”
(Page 9, Campaign Environment)
“ODIHR LTOs received reports of misuse of administrative resources. Allegations of pressure on municipal employees by their superiors to undertake work for the SP campaign were made in Gjirokastër, Lezhë, Pukë, Shkodër, and Tropojë. In 4 of the 13 opening campaign events observed by the ODIHR EOM (Vlorë, Fier, Peshkopi and Has) public administration employees stated that they were advised by supervisors to attend the rally.”
(Page 9, Campaign Environment)
Raporti nuk rri pa përmendur edhe ata me të cilët kryeministri mburret, ‘rrjetet e patronazhistëve’ si formë ndikimi politik.
“Most ODIHR EOM interlocutors raised concerns regarding the misuse of state resources (including for the out of country vote), pressure on public sector employees, and the impact of so-called ‘patronage networks’ on voting.”
(Page 9, Campaign Environment)
Po ashtu shqetësues paraqitet përdorimi i të dhënave personale në mënyrë të paligjshme, të cilat raporti i quan ‘abuzime’.
“A number of ODIHR EOM interlocutors raised concerns regarding the misuse of personal data.”
(Page 10, Campaign Environment)
“A Law on Personal Data Protection was passed in 2024 and the Commissioner for the Right to Information and Protection of Personal Data published guidelines on the processing of personal data in electoral campaigns. The Commissioner also issued a statement together with the CEC appealing to political parties on obligations for personal data protection and calling on voters and electoral subjects to report data breaches or related violations.”
(Page 10, Campaign Environment)
Pa e përmendur me emër, por duke nënkuptuar qartësisht, raporti flet për ‘fushatë që karakterizohet nga sulme personale dhe mungesë diskutimi për politika publike’.
“Personal attacks between leaders of the main parties are common, including online, as are mutual accusations of corruption and links to organized crime.”
(Page 8, Campaign Environment)
“The campaign has remained low-key to date… Personal attacks between leaders of the main parties are common…” (Page 8, Campaign Environment)
OSBE-ODHIR prek edhe një plagë të zgjedhjeve, që është mungesa e ndëshkueshmërisë për shkeljet dhe manipulimet zgjedhore.
“The CEC has received numerous complaints related to campaign violations and continues to actively monitor compliance…” (Page 2, Executive Summary)
“The Electoral Code provides for a wide range of administrative offences, which the CEC can investigate ex officio or following denunciation reports filed though a dedicated online portal. The Criminal Code defines 15 election-related criminal offences… For the first time, SPAK has established an investigative task force and launched an online platform for reporting electoral offenses.”
(Page 12, Election Dispute Resolution)
Raporti thekson se KQZ ka identifikuar dhjetëra shkelje, por shumë pak masa ndëshkuese janë marrë.
“The CEC informed the ODIHR EOM that as of 11 April, they had received 94 complaints regarding election-related violations… The CEC initiated administrative investigations for 70 of these complaints, of which 42 have been concluded and in 3 cases, the CEC proposed to the CSC to impose fines.”
